Abstract

Buddhism offers one of the most profound philosophical ethical and ecological frameworks for understanding the human relationship with nature. Rooted in the principles of interdependence compassion mindfulness and non-harm Buddhist environmental ethics provide a holistic and sustainable worldview essential for addressing the ecological crises of the modern era. This research paper examines the intersection between Buddhism and environmental studies by analyzing how Buddhist teachings cosmology ethics and monastic practices promote ecological consciousness and environmental responsibility. Buddhism’s core doctrines—such as Prat?tyasamutp?da (dependent origination) Ahimsa (non-violence) Karu?? (compassion) the Middle Way and the concept of sentient life—support a sustainable environmental philosophy that emphasizes balance harmony and respect for all life forms. The paper evaluates historical Buddhist environmental practices including forest monastic traditions sacred ecology traditional