Abstract

Child labour remains one of the most persistent and complex social problems in the contemporary world deeply rooted in structural inequalities poverty and uneven patterns of economic development. Despite decades of international conventions national legislation and policy interventions millions of children across developing and underdeveloped regions continue to engage in economic activities that deprive them of education health dignity and childhood itself. The phenomenon of child labour cannot be understood solely as a legal or moral issue rather it represents an intricate intersection of social economic cultural and institutional forces that shape household survival strategies and labour markets. This research paper examines child labour through its social and economic dimensions emphasizing how poverty unemployment informal economies migration lack of access to quality education and social norms collectively contribute to the persistence of child labour. At the social level child l