Abstract

The Indian intellectual tradition is distinguished by its unique synthesis of science and philosophy reflecting a profound integration of empirical inquiry and metaphysical speculation. This study explores the historical and conceptual convergence of these domains within the Indian context tracing their development from ancient texts to contemporary discourse. Through a comprehensive analysis of key philosophical works scientific treatises and historical narratives the study highlights how Indian scholars have historically intertwined empirical observation with philosophical reflection. It examines the contributions of classical texts such as the Vedas Upanishads and the works of figures like Aryabhata Brahmagupta and Bhaskara who seamlessly integrated scientific inquiry with philosophical principles. Additionally the study investigates the impact of this convergence on modern Indian thought and its implications for current debates in science and philosophy. By elucidating the interpla