Abstract

Indian Knowledge Systems represent one of the world’s most ancient sophisticated and enduring intellectual traditions rooted in the philosophical foundations of the Vedas the Upanishads and a wide range of classical texts that shaped Indic civilization for thousands of years. These texts are not merely historical documents but living sources of metaphysical epistemological ethical and pedagogical wisdom that continue to influence contemporary academic socio-cultural and educational discourses. The core philosophical inquiry embedded in these traditions revolves around understanding the nature of reality consciousness knowledge human purpose and the interconnectedness between the individual self and the cosmos. This research paper explores the philosophical bases of Indian Knowledge Systems and examines what modern societies can learn from the Vedic Upanishadic and classical textual heritage in dealing with the complexities of the present era. The study highlights how ancient Indian tho