Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only been a public health emergency but also a deep sociological rupture that amplified pre-existing inequalities and gave rise to new forms of socio-economic stratification. While the virus did not discriminate in biological terms its social impact has been profoundly unequal. From access to healthcare and digital infrastructure to employment vulnerability and educational opportunities the pandemic exposed and deepened the systemic fault lines that govern modern societies. This research paper critically examines the post-pandemic landscape through a sociological lens highlighting how class caste gender occupation region and access to technology have shaped differential experiences of suffering recovery and opportunity. The study argues that COVID-19 did not just create new inequalities but acted as a magnifier of entrenched structures leading to a multidimensional crisis of justice. The analysis also considers the shifting role of the state civil society