Abstract

Floods remain one of the most destructive and recurring natural hazards across multiple regions of India affecting millions of people and causing enormous socio-economic infrastructural agricultural and ecological losses every year. Traditional early-warning mechanisms—largely manual fragmented and dependent on local observation—often fail to provide precise real-time actionable information resulting in delayed evacuation inadequate preparedness and avoidable human suffering. With the rapid advancement of digital technologies artificial intelligence (AI) remote sensing Internet of Things (IoT) hydrological modelling satellite analytics mobile-based alerting platforms cloud computing and machine learning–driven predictive systems the concept of smart disaster warning systems has emerged as a transformative solution for flood-prone Indian regions. This research paper investigates in an ultra-expanded and multi-dimensional manner the technological environmental institutional and community