Abstract

The rapid expansion of social media platforms has fundamentally transformed political communication public discourse and democratic participation across emerging democracies. While these digital platforms have created unprecedented opportunities for citizen engagement political mobilization and information dissemination they have also contributed to increasing political polarization and ideological fragmentation. Social media algorithms often prioritize emotionally charged and partisan content reinforcing existing beliefs and limiting exposure to diverse perspectives. This phenomenon has raised concerns regarding democratic stability social cohesion and institutional trust. In many emerging democracies where democratic institutions are still evolving the effects of digital polarization are particularly significant. Political actors increasingly utilize social media to shape public opinion mobilize supporters and influence electoral outcomes. This study examines the relationship between