Abstract

Agriculture continues to remain the backbone of India’s economic and social structure supporting approximately half of the population and contributing significantly to national food security employment rural livelihoods and economic stability. As the country navigates the complexities of economic growth environmental sustainability population expansion and climate change the agricultural sector faces immense pressure to produce more with fewer resources. Sustainable development in agriculture has thus emerged as a critical national priority. This research paper analyzes India’s agricultural challenges through the lens of sustainability and examines growth strategies that are ecologically sound economically viable and socially inclusive. It explores the historical development of Indian agriculture the transformation brought by the Green Revolution the environmental consequences of chemical-intensive farming and the need for paradigm shifts toward climate-resilient resource-efficient and