Abstract

The perception of Muslim identity globally is shaped by a complex intersection of history religion politics culture migration media representation and international relations. Across continents Muslim identity is understood differently—sometimes as a deeply spiritual and cultural identity grounded in centuries of Islamic intellectual tradition sometimes as a political identity influenced by global geopolitical developments and sometimes as a constructed stereotype framed by dominant global narratives. With a population of nearly two billion Muslims represent one of the most diverse religious communities in the world encompassing varied ethnicities languages nations and social contexts. Yet despite this diversity Muslim identity is often homogenized through generalized portrayals shaped by global media colonial legacies orientalist discourses conflict politics and migration dynamics. This research paper analyzes the evolving perception of Muslim identity in the global context by examini