Abstract

Urban slums represent a critical dimension of rapid urbanization in developing economies particularly in India where migration poverty and uneven development contribute to their expansion. This study explores the intricate relationship between urban slums and the informal economy through a sociological lens examining how marginalized populations navigate economic survival outside formal regulatory frameworks. The research highlights the structural constraints socio-economic vulnerabilities and adaptive strategies of slum dwellers engaged in informal occupations. It also investigates the role of state policies social networks and urban governance in shaping informal economic activities. By analyzing patterns of employment income generation and social organization the paper underscores the dual nature of the informal economy as both a source of livelihood and a site of exploitation. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for inclusive policy interventions that recognize the contribu