Abstract

The institutionalization of Panchayati Raj in India marked a turning point in local self-governance and decentralized development. Among the landmark reforms was the reservation of seats for women enabling their political participation at the grassroots level. This research paper critically examines the role of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in advancing women’s empowerment focusing on the legislative mechanisms social impacts and political outcomes that followed the constitutional amendments. The study draws comparative insights from selected Indian states and international case studies to highlight factors influencing the effectiveness of women’s leadership in local governance. It argues that while representation has opened pathways for participation and voice empowerment remains contingent on systemic factors such as education caste dynamics capacity-building institutional support and socio-cultural acceptance. The paper concludes by recommending reforms that can deepen gender-s